![]() Long before that, the concept was introduced by Diderot, although it was not by the term "information overload":Īs long as the centuries continue to unfold, the number of books will grow continually, and one can predict that a time will come when it will be almost as difficult to learn anything from books as from the direct study of the whole universe. Miller says that under overload conditions, people become confused and are likely to make poorer decisions based on the information they have received as opposed to making informed ones.Ī quite early example of the term "information overload" can be found in an article by Jacob Jacoby, Donald Speller and Carol Kohn Berning, who conducted an experiment on 192 housewives which was said to confirm the hypothesis that more information about brands would lead to poorer decision making. Psychologist George Armitage Miller was very influential in this regard, proposing that people can process about seven chunks of information at a time. Psychologists have recognized for many years that humans have a limited capacity to store current information in memory. The social psychologist Stanley Milgram (1933–1984) later used the concept of information overload to explain bystander behavior. One of the first social scientists to notice the negative effects of information overload was the sociologist Georg Simmel (1858–1918), who hypothesized that the overload of sensations in the modern urban world caused city dwellers to become jaded and interfered with their ability to react to new situations.
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